REST api简单应用(未完成)

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在初步了解REST的概念后,博主决定写一个简单的REST api应用来加深自己对REST的印象

目的

开发一个api,实现动物园与动物的信息:

http://api.example.com/zoos
http://api.example.com/animals

资源的具体操作:

GET /zoos：列出所有动物园
POST /zoos：新建一个动物园
GET /zoos/ID：获取某个指定动物园的信息
PUT /zoos/ID：更新某个指定动物园的信息（提供该动物园的全部信息）
PATCH /zoos/ID：更新某个指定动物园的信息（提供该动物园的部分信息）
DELETE /zoos/ID：删除某个动物园
GET /zoos/ID/animals：列出某个指定动物园的所有动物
DELETE /zoos/ID/animals/ID：删除某个指定动物园的指定动物

过程

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//main.go
package main

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"net/http"
	"rest_api/structs"

	"github.com/julienschmidt/httprouter"
)

var zoos map[string]structs.Zoo

func zoosGet(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, ps httprouter.Params) {
	fmt.Fprintf(w, zooJson(zoos))
}

func zoosPost(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, ps httprouter.Params) {
	zid := r.FormValue("zid")
	zname := r.FormValue("zname")
	if _, ok := zoos[zid]; ok {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, `{error: "zoo is exists!"}`)
		return
	} else {
		zoos[zid] = structs.Zoo{zid, zname, []structs.Animal{}}
		fmt.Fprintf(w, zooJson(zoos[zid]))
	}
}

func zooGet(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, ps httprouter.Params) {
	zid := ps.ByName("zid")
	if zoo, ok := zoos[zid]; ok {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, zooJson(zoo))
	} else {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, `{error: "zoo is not exists!"}`)
	}
}

func zooDel(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, ps httprouter.Params) {
	zid := ps.ByName("zid")
	if _, ok := zoos[zid]; ok {
		delete(zoos, zid)
		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
	} else {
		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNotFound)
	}
}

func zooPut(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, ps httprouter.Params) {
	zid := r.FormValue("zid")
	zname := r.FormValue("zname")

	if _, ok := zoos[zid]; ok {
		zoos[zid] = structs.Zoo{zid, zname, []structs.Animal{}}
		fmt.Fprintf(w, zooJson(zoos[zid]))
		return
	} else {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, `{error: "zoo is not exists!"}`)
		return
	}

}

func main() {
	zoos = make(map[string]structs.Zoo)
	zoos["001"] = structs.Zoo{"001", "zoo1", []structs.Animal{{"001", "dog"}, {"002", "cat"}}}

	router := httprouter.New()
	router.GET("/zoos", zoosGet)
	router.POST("/zoos", zoosPost)
	router.GET("/zoos/:zid", zooGet)
	router.DELETE("/zoo/:zid", zooDel)
	router.PUT("/zoo/:zid", zooPut)
	if err := http.ListenAndServe(":8080", router); err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
}

func zooJson(zoos interface{}) string {
	jsonData, err := json.Marshal(zoos)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatal(err)
	}
	return string(jsonData)
}

//structs.go
package structs

type Zoo struct{
	Id string
	Name string
	Animals []Animal
}

type Animal struct{
	Id string
	Name string
}

结语

这个REST api应用简单的实现了REST架构,不过由于处于本菜鸟之手,许多地方尚需完善,还待以后慢慢补正~

参考文档: 阮一峰:RESTful API设计指南

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